The recent unveiling of a set of copper plates from the reign of Devaraya I marks archaeological discovery. These plates, linked to the Vijayanagara Empire, provide vital information about the era’s history and governance. The plates were issued during Devaraya I’s coronation in 1406 CE and are inscribed in Sanskrit, Kannada, and Nāgarī characters. They include a unique royal seal depicting Vamana, a departure from the traditional Varaha insignia.
Historical Context
Devaraya I ruled the Vijayanagara Empire from 1406 to 1422 CE. His reign followed a power struggle after the death of his father, Harihara II. Known for military prowess and irrigation advancements, Devaraya I modernised the army and enhanced agricultural productivity. His era is notable for cultural and architectural contributions.
Significance of the Copper Plates
The copper plates are crucial for understanding the Sangama Dynasty’s genealogy. They trace the lineage of Devaraya I and his five sons. The plates document the grant of Gudipalli village to Brahmins, denoting the socio-religious structure of the time. They confirm the previously unverified coronation date of Devaraya I, adding authenticity to historical records.
Details of the Grant
The plates detail the allocation of Gudipalli village and its hamlets to Brahmins of various gotras. The distribution of shares emphasises the importance of Vedic knowledge in society. The boundaries of the grant are meticulously recorded in Kannada, showcasing the administrative precision of the Vijayanagara Empire.
Cultural Contributions
Devaraya I was a patron of Kannada literature and architecture. His court included notable poets like Madhura, who contributed to Jain literature. The construction of the Hazare Rama temple exemplifies the architectural advancements during his reign. This temple remains example of Deccan architecture.
Irrigation and Urban Development
Recognising the need for improved water supply, Devaraya I commissioned irrigation projects. A barrage was constructed across the Tungabhadra River, and a lengthy aqueduct was built to supply water to the capital. These initiatives transformed the Vijayanagara capital into one of the largest cities of the 15th century.
Military Campaigns and Diplomacy
Devaraya I faced conflicts with various regional powers, including the Bahmani Sultanate and the Velamas. He employed skilled archers and formed strategic alliances to strengthen his military position. His successful campaigns expanded the empire’s territory, particularly after defeating Firoz Shah.
Administrative Policies
Devaraya I maintained a secular administration. He built facilities for Muslim soldiers and resolved disputes involving different religious communities. His governance style promoted inclusivity, which contributed to the stability of his rule.
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