Ranikhet Disease Outbreak in Panchkula

Recent reports indicate a severe outbreak of Ranikhet disease in poultry farms located in Barwala and Raipur Rani, Panchkula. Approximately 150,000 chickens have died in the past week. This outbreak raises concerns reminiscent of the 2006 epidemic, where poultry farms suffered losses. The Northern Regional Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (NRDDL) has been engaged to investigate the cause of the deaths through forensic examinations.

About Ranikhet Disease

Ranikhet disease, known as Newcastle disease in the West, is a highly contagious viral infection affecting birds.

It primarily targets the respiratory system and can drastically reduce egg production.

The disease has a mortality rate of up to 100% in severe cases.

Various bird species are susceptible, including chickens, turkeys, pigeons, and ducks.

Symptoms and Transmission

Symptoms of Ranikhet disease include respiratory distress, neurological signs, and a drop in egg production.

The virus spreads through direct contact with infected birds or contaminated environments. It can also be transmitted via aerosols.

Impact of Weather Conditions

Cold weather exacerbates the situation. In Barwala, poultry farmers reported that extreme cold temperatures, particularly below 5 degrees Celsius, have led to increased mortality among older birds. The pandemic has hindered the replacement of older birds, leaving farms vulnerable during harsh weather.

Historical Context

The Barwala region is poultry production area in Asia, housing around 115 farms. It has experienced previous outbreaks of bird flu in 2006 and 2014, which resulted in severe economic losses for farm owners. The 2006 outbreak led to bankruptcy for many poultry businesses as birds died rapidly.

Zoonotic Potential

Ranikhet disease has zoonotic characteristics, meaning it can affect humans. Laboratory workers and individuals handling infected birds are at risk of conjunctivitis. This marks the importance of biosecurity measures in poultry handling.