Decline in Migrant Workers in U.S. Labor Force: ILO

In 2022, international migration reached 284.5 million individuals worldwide, among these, 255.7 million were of working age, indicating demographic presence in the global labour market. The International Labour Organization (ILO) noted that 167.7 million migrants were actively participating in the workforce, reflecting a growth of over 30 million since 2013.

Migration Trends in Europe and North America

The share of migrant workers in Europe increased from 22.5% in 2013 to 23.3% in 2022. This rise can be attributed to favourable migration policies that aligned with labour market demands. Conversely, North America saw a slight decline from 23.8% to 22.6%, likely due to restrictive migration policies.

Regional Distribution of Migrant Workers

In 2022, Europe and Central Asia hosted 34.5% of migrant workers, totalling 57.8 million. The Americas accounted for 27.3% (45.8 million), while Asia and the Pacific comprised 16.2% (27.2 million). The Arab States had 13.5% (22.6 million), and Africa represented 8.5% (14.3 million). Notably, these regions collectively housed 59.4% of all migrant workers.

Migrant Workforce in the Arab States

In the Arab States, migrants constituted over 37.2% of the labour force. In contrast, Europe and Central Asia had 12.9%, and the Americas had 9%. High-income countries employed 68.4% of migrant workers, translating to 114.7 million individuals, while upper-middle-income countries accounted for 17.4% (29.2 million).

Employment Statistics and Gender Disparities

Out of 167.7 million migrant workers, 155.6 million were employed, while 12.1 million remained unemployed. There were gender disparities, with migrant women holding an employment-to-population ratio of 48.1%, compared to 72.8% for men.

Migrant workers play important role in alleviating labour shortages and stimulating economic growth. The ILO emphasises the importance of safeguarding their rights and ensuring access to decent work for ethical and economic stability.

GKToday Facts for Exams:

1. ILO: The International Labour Organization promotes social justice and fair labour practices globally. It was established in 1919 and has 187 member states, influencing international labour standards.
2. Arab States: The Arab States encompass 22 countries in the Arab world. They have migrant workforce, comprising over 37.2% of their labour force as of 2022.
3. Upper-Middle-Income Countries: These countries are classified by the World Bank. They have a gross national income per capita between $1,046 and $4,095, impacting migration trends and economic growth.
4. Employment-to-Population Ratio: This ratio measures the proportion of a country’s working-age population that is employed. In 2022, migrant women had a ratio of 48.1%, lower than men’s 72.8%.