On January 5, 2025, President Joe Biden honoured 19 distinguished individuals during a ceremony at the White House. This event recognised contributions across various fields, including politics, entertainment, and sports. The honourees included prominent figures such as Hillary Clinton, philanthropist George Soros, and posthumously awarded Robert F. Kennedy. Notable personalities like Lionel Messi, Jane Goodall, and Denzel Washington were also among the recipients. Messi could not attend due to prior commitments.
What is the Presidential Medal of Freedom?
The Presidential Medal of Freedom is the highest civilian honour in the United States. It acknowledges individuals who have made contributions to national interests, world peace, or cultural endeavours. Established in 1945 by President Harry S. Truman, it was later renamed by President John F. Kennedy in 1963. The medal features a white star over a red pentagon, encircled by five gold eagles, with a blue centre displaying 13 gold stars.
Who Decides the Recipients?
The selection process for the Presidential Medal of Freedom is informal and broad. The President has the authority to award the medal based on recommendations or personal initiative. Executive Order 11515, enacted in 1970, grants this wide latitude. Occasionally, members of Congress may submit letters of recommendation for potential awardees.
Selection Criteria and Political Significance
The choices for recipients often reflect the political and personal interests of the sitting President. Biden’s recent selections highlight support for the current political and cultural establishments. Notably, he awarded Republican leader Mitt Romney, who has been a vocal critic of Donald Trump. Previous recipients under Trump included conservative figures like Antonin Scalia and Orrin Hatch, showcasing a diverse political landscape over the years.
Historical Notables and Legacy
The Presidential Medal of Freedom has been awarded to a variety of influential individuals. Recipients include Oprah Winfrey, Bill Gates, Rosa Parks, and Muhammad Ali. The award is not restricted to U.S. citizens and can also be bestowed upon military personnel. The distinction of receiving the medal “with distinction” exists, although there are no specific criteria for this designation. This higher honour is granted at the President’s discretion.
- The medal was first created in 1945 by Truman.
- The award can be given to non-citizens.
- It can also be awarded to military personnel.
- The medal has been awarded with distinction at least 55 times.
- The award is not limited to specific fields or professions.
The Medal’s Design and Symbolism
The medal’s design features a distinctive white star, symbolising excellence. The red pentagon represents courage, while the gold eagles signify freedom. The blue circle with 13 stars pays homage to the original colonies of the United States. This intricate design encapsulates the values and ideals that the award seeks to honour.
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